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C-bearing dust from steel industry is a kind of typically solid waste with poor surface activity. The iron ore sintering process has the potential on large-scale harmless utilization of COPR and C-bearing dust. This study proposes a new approach of co-utilizing COPR and C-bearing dust during limonitic laterite sintering process.
The sintering performance of limonitic laterite is substantially improved via the pressurized densification sintering with the tumble index and productivity increased by 19.2% and 18.6%, respectively, and the solid fuel rate lowered by 10.3%, compared with that of the traditional sintering process (0 Pa). Minerals 2020, 10, 750 6 of 18 Figure 3.
This is the third paper in a series examining the economics of processing a hypothetical nickel-cobalt laterite using commercially applied two processes that are still processes …
In the current work, a novel process was devised by applying pyrometallurgical and bio-hydrometallurgical operations. The experimental set-up comprised the reduction of a nickel limonitic ore with hydrogen gas in a rotary kiln, at 900 °C, until all the goethite was converted to metallic iron.
Nickel limonite ore with grade 1.1 – 1.4 % can be processed using HPAL technology to produce more than 37% nickel and another beneficial product, which is cobalt. Nickel world demand shifts to support electric vehicle battery even though stainless steel demand is still high.
The maximum contents of calcium ferrite for hematite, limonite, specularite and magnetite under the optimal sintering temperature are 73%, 82%, 67% and 63%, respectively. Increasing O 2 content of the airflow is advantageous to …
The DNi process is being developedby Direct Nickel Limited, Australia, for the processing of both limonite and saprolite ores. It is an atmospheric nitric acid leaching process coupled with a patented acid regeneration system. Nickel and cobalt extractions are high (reported to be > 90%). No secondary neutralization is needed to remove residual ...
This study adopted the method of mixing ore (garnierite and limonite) to increase the recovery rate of nickel in garnierite ore. The phase transformation of the two ores were investigated...
The sintering process consists of preparation of base mix, mixing, and production of nodules using mixing and nodulizing drum by maintaining the optimum moisture, transferring of nodules to the sintering machine, and firing of sinter by applying optimum suction pressure.
Using ammonium sulfate roasting laterite nickel ore-ammonium jarosite iron precipitation and hydrolysis preparation of Fe 2 O 3 -carbon thermal reduction preparation of LiFePO 4 /C process means, to achieve the ultimate goal of preparing LiFePO 4 from laterite nickel ore.
Thus, unlike the ordinary ore sintering, the pre-drying process of limonitic nickel laterite is essential for the proper dehydration before sinter proportioning process, commonly conducted in a drying kiln in practical production. In this paper, the moisture of limonitic nickel laterite after pre-dried is defined as its self-possessed moisture.
The binder makes the moist ore plastic, so that it will nucleate seeds that grow at a controlled rate into well-formed pellets. During drying, the binder holds the grains in the agglomerates together while the water is removed and continues to bind them together until the pellet is heated sufficiently to sinter the grains together.
The produced concentrates need to be smelted in a process emitting SO 2 -rich gases, and the refining of smelted products is usually performed by leaching with sulfuric or hydrochloric acid, which can have potential emissions of …
(2) Smelting mode: Ni-ore is charged together with limestone, and blast enrichment is increased. Charging continues until a melt level greater than 300 mm is reached. (3) Reduction mode: Blast enrichment is decreased, and hard coal, which is 4% to 12% of the weight of the melt present in the furnace, is charged into the reduction zone.
Improvements in ore blending could be realized by an optimal match of iron ores, sinters, and fuel conditions. To further increase iron grade and reduce the cost of ore blending, in view of the actual raw material and fuel conditions of the 500 m2 large-scale sintering machine of S Steel company, the conventional physical and …
Based on the sintering pot tests of limonitic laterite ore including optimization of granulation and sintering parameters, measuring metallurgical performance and mineralogy, the sintering performance and consolidation mechanism were studied and the conclusions were drawn as follows. (i)
sintering performance of limonitic laterite via effectively strengthened sintering technologies. Th e sinter fluxes include ferronickel tailing and burnt lime. The former is a solid waste produced from the direct reduction-magnetic separation process of lateritic nickel ore and could be used to substitute
Limonite ores could be used less than 40% by optimizing ore-proportioning, and the proportion of limonite ores could be reached 50% on the basis of ensuring the …
In accordance with this approach, the current work presents results achieved when a limonite ore was reduced by hydrogen gas at 900 °C followed by bioleaching with mesophilic microorganisms. The selection of these microorganisms is justified by their ability to oxidize Fe 2+ to Fe 3+, which in turn oxidize the metallic phases (iron and nickel ...
Based on the sintering pot tests of limonitic laterite ore including optimization of granulation and sintering parameters, measuring metallurgical …
The advantages of pyrometallurgical nickel extraction are the process is simple and proven, it can be applied to laterite ores with high magnesium (which generally contain high nickel...
If you don't crush them, only use the original ore bin to control the ore size. The rock is easily stuck in the sieve hole, affects the normal supply during the nickel extraction process. Therefore, it is recommended that the laterite mine should be crushed better before washing.
Under fixed sintering conditions, the granulation efficiency, nucleus stability and primary sinter melt volume and properties of the iron ore are considered to have significant influence on the sinter structure and quality.
Sintering Fine (-1mm) goethite is very reactive during the sintering process and can be leveraged to enhance melting and matrix strength. Fine, ochreous goethite also plays an important role in enhancing granulation.
1.2 Copper-nickel sulfide ore grinding stage. Adopt a two-stage closed-circuit grinding process. ① Use a grid-type ball mill for rough grinding. And the grinding particle size range is 0.2~0.3mm. ② Use an overflow-type ball mill for fine grinding. And the grinding particle size is less than 5~10μm. ③ Use a spiral classifier for pre ...
The pressurized acid leaching process is suitable for laterite nickel ore with high limonite content and low magnesium content. First, laterite nickel ore is ground and prepared into a...
Nickel laterite ore is classified into two principal ore types: saprolite (silicate ore) and limonite (oxide ore). Saprolite-type ore characterized by high magnesia and …
nickel phase in the ore, the low-nickel and low-iron garnierite was taken as the research object in present. The method of mixing ore (limonite-type laterite ore) was adopted to increase the iron content in the raw material for promoting the reduction of nickel. Based on the understanding of the phase transformation of the two ores during the high-
The rotary kiln-electric furnace (RKEF) process is the primary method for extracting nickel from saprolite ores. In this technique, the ore is first calcined and pre-reduced at 850–1000 °C in a rotary kiln followed by smelting in an electric furnace at 1500–1600 °C (Eliott, 2015, Warner et al., 2006).
According to a review published by Diaz et al., oxide-type nickel ores accounted for 64% of land-based nickel ores, but more than 60% of nickel production was based on the matte smelting of sulfide ores in 1988 [].This picture has significantly changed over the past three decades because of the decrease in the reserves of high-Ni sulfide …
Limonitic nickel laterite is a relatively coarse ore with 16.16% over 5 mm which will require longer sintering time, leading to lower strength and productivity. The …
and sintering of the nickel take place simultaneously. The final product of this process contains > 99% Ni. 3 Nickel Laterite Reduction Roasting There has been a number of studies on the mineralogy and geochemistry of laterites, as well as re-duction roasting and leaching of limonitic and saprolitic laterites [5, 11-14]. It is generally agreed
When the assimilation temperature of the sinter mixture is too high, limonite can be added; when the bonding phase strength or crystal strength of the sinter mixture is too low, magnetite can be added. The liquid fluidity of the sinter mixture can be adjusted according to the ratios of corresponding iron ores.
Sintering temperatures between 850 and 1050 °C (1560 and 1920 °F) are commonly used to produce porous nickel products. The reducing conditions required for …
This process can be used when the copper content of the ore is much higher than that of nickel. Pump the ore pulp into the agitation tank, add the sulfide inhibitor and copper collector, send the mixture into the flotation machine to get copper concentrate and nickel-bearing tailings.
Class 1 nickel 2 All nickel products except ferronickel, nickel pig iron, and ore transformed into these ferroalloys. production sees about 70 percent originating from sulfide ores, which are concentrated, smelted, and refined, and approximately 30 percent from limonite ores, which are leached commonly using high-pressure acid leaching …