crushed shale density and cohesion

Mechanical Properties of Lightweight Cellular Concrete for ...

Jul 07, 2017· However, the effective friction angle and cohesion intercept of the saturated materials were independent of the test unit weight over the range of stresses tested. The effective friction angle and cohesion values of the lightweight cellular concrete materials, determined from direct simple shear tests, were 35° and 36 kPa, respectively.

Characterization of Shear Strength Properties of Spoil ...

clay (kaolin), crushed sandstone and shale. The content of each ingredient was varied from 0% to at an interval of 10% and tested their near optimum moisture content (OMC). A total of 176 samples, i.e. 11 set of test at 4 different normal load containing sandstone-shale, sandstone-clay, shale-clay

Experimental and Numerical Characterization of Lower Huron ...

May 28, 2021· The shale core samples used in this work are from Devonian-aged Lower Huron Shale, which is an important component of the Emerging Stacked Unconventional Plays in the central Appalachian basin field and links to the Marcellus shale and Utica shale. The samples were first crushed and sieved to mesh-size 140, which means that the top size of the ...

Porosity and Bulk Density of Sedimentary Rocks

grain density-bulk density relation. Hedberg (1926) and Athy (1930) determined the total porosity and bulk density of subsurface samples of shale with particular reference to the relation of compac­ tion to the thickness of overburden. Stearns (1927) determined the bulk density and total porosity of many samples of water-bearing rock.

USCS Description Cohesion (kPa) Friction angle (°) Soil ...

USCS Soil-class Description Cohesion (kPa) Friction angle (°) GW well-graded gravel, fine to coarse gravel 0 40 GP poorly graded gravel 0 38 GM silty gravel 0 36 GC clayey gravel 0 34 GM-GL silty gravel 0 35 GC-CL clayey gravel with many fines 3 29 SW well-graded sand, fine to coarse sand 0 38 SP poorly graded sand 0 36 SM silty sand 0 34

8. STRENGTH OF SOILS AND ROCKS

Rock Cohesion (MPa) Friction Angle (degrees) Range of Confining Pressure (MPa) Berea sandstone 27.2 27.8 0 - 200 Muddy shale 38.4 14.4 0 - 200 Sioux quartizite 70.6 48.0 0 - 203 Georgia marble 21.2 25.3 6 - 69 Chalk 0 31.5 10 - 90 Stone Mt. granite 55.1 51.0 0 - 69 Indiana limestone 6.7 42.0 0 - 10

203 Roadway Excavation and Embankment - dot.state.oh.us

Water shale until the material is at least 2 percent above optimum moisture throughout the lift. 2. Manipulate or mix by dozing until a maximum 8-inch (200 mm) loose lift is achieved. Remove large chunks of shale or rock that exceed this lift thickness. 3. Compact each lift to a maximum density, except for hard durable shale.

Correlation between the rockburst proneness and friction ...

The relationship between the contact friction angle θ and the internal friction angle can be described. Eqs., are substituted into Eq. to obtain the ratio of the unconfined compressive strength to the ultimate cutting strength of rock, and then, the σ c S c ratio is related to only two parameters (a and θ).The values of S c and σ c S c are influenced by the geometric parameter of the bit ...

Bulk Density Chart - Anval

Bulk Density Chart ANVAL VALVES PVT LTD. Material Lbs/cu.ft Kgs/cu.m Abrasive Compound 148 2371 Abrasive Mix 153 2451 Acetate 35 561 Acetate Flakes 21 336 Acrylic Fibres ... Slate (Crushed) 100 1602 Soap Flakes 29 465 Soap Powder 36 577 Soapstone 47 753 Soda Ash 54 865 Soda Ash-Iron Chromite 77 1234 Sodium Aluminate 61 977 ...

ASTM D1139 / D1139M - 15 Standard Specification for ...

1.1 This specification covers the quality and sizes of crushed stone, crushed slag, crushed expanded shale, crushed expanded clay, crushed expanded slate, and crushed or uncrushed gravel suitable for use as aggregate in single or multiple bituminous surface treatments.

Shale - Wikipedia

Shale is a fine-grained, clastic sedimentary rock, formed from mud that is a mix of flakes of clay minerals and tiny fragments (silt-sized particles) of other minerals, especially quartz and calcite. Shale is characterized by its tendency to split into thin layers less than one centimeter in thickness.This property is called fissility. Shale is the most common sedimentary rock.

Core Laboratories: GRI (Crushed Shale) Analysis

GRI (Crushed Shale) Analysis. The exceedingly fine-grained and fracture-prone nature of shale/mudrock reservoir core challenges efficient provision of fundamental core data sets that include porosity, permeability, grain density, and core saturations. To do so typically requires special sampling, analytical, and measurement techniques.

Design Manual Engineering Properties of Soil and Rock

stratum in terms of density, source material, etc. Soil Strata Soil is a nonhomogeneous, porous material for which engineering behavior is greatly influenced by density, source material, stress history, and hydrogeology. Some engineering properties (e.g., undrained

Modulus of Subgrade reaction - Which one to use

Structural Services, Inc. Page 2 of 11 In our paper, we will refer to Kp as the subgrade reaction based on the 30 in. diameter plate load test. The subgrade reaction is not a fundamental soil property. It is a lump constant of which the subgrade reaction

SECTION 02200 – EARTHWORK

ASTM D1556 Standard Test Method for Density and Unit Weight of Soil ... frozen matter and shale particles/rock/stone or gravel with all dimensions less than 2 inches: 1. Cohesion-less materials include gravels, gravel-sand mixtures, sands and gravelly ... A. Granular fill material shall consist of crushed stone, sand and gravel or reclaimed

Material Weight – Pounds per Cubic Yard

F:Truck Body Pricing & BrochuresExcelCubic_Yardage_Chart DCubic_Yardage_Chart D Rev A 6/9/2015 AGGREGATE TYPE

Geotechnical Properties of Geologic Materials

o Cohesion is the result of soil structure and/or cementation. Some finite cohesion is generally present in loess, due to its unique granular structure and the common occurrence of minor cementation. Cohesion in till is a result of ice consolidation and a wide range of …

Crushed Stone Grades: A Complete Guide

Crushed stone #67 – Sizes from 3/4″ down to fine particles. For fill, road and slab base. Crushed stone #1 – Sizes are from 2″ to 4″. The largest of the crushed stone grades. For larger jobs such a culvert ballast. Crushed stone #8 – Sizes from 3/8″ to 1/2″. For concrete and asphalt mix. Crushed stone #3 -Sizes from 1/2″ to 2″.

Relationship between soil cohesion and shear strength

Cohesion of soil is an important factor of soil consistency. The word cohesion, however, has acquired two connotations. In soil physics, BA VER (2), for example, defines it as "the cohesive force that takes place between adja­ cent particles". On the other hand, in soil mechanics, cohesion …

(PDF) Comparison of the geotechnical properties of crushed ...

The high CBR is inferred to have resulted from the high MDD and From the geotechnical assessment and comparative calcite-cementation of the Abakaliki Shale. analyses carried out, the following conclusions can be (5) All the crushed shales showed relatively low strength drawn: (average, 30 kN/m2) cohesion, and angle of shear (1) When crushed ...

Influence of Mineralogy on the Index Properties and ...

Jul 14, 2014· For this study, shale samples were collected from a variety of locations in Kentucky. The specimens were assumed to be representative of hard and soft shales with high, medium, and low durability. These samples were crushed and laboratory testing was performed. The lab tests included index tests, mineralogical tests, and durability tests.

GUIDANCE DOCUMENT #665 - Ohio

Jun 01, 2005· and density that is on the BFLO. Unsuitable soils2 fall under the USCS as non-plastic soils, coarse grained soils, or organic soils. Soils that do not have a K L-< 1x10 7 cm/sec when compacted to a moisture and density that is on the BFLO are also unsuitable. Some soils manufactured from crushed shale respond appropriately to this method.

Micromechanical characterization of shales through ...

Mar 01, 2017· Nanoindentation-based strength homogenization analysis determines an average clay packing density, friction coefficient, and solid cohesion for each tested shale sample. Comparison of bulk to microscale geomechanical properties, through bulk porosimetry measurements, reveals a close correspondence between bulk and microscale clay packing densities.

BULK MATERIAL DENSITY TABLE

BULK MATERIAL DENSITY TABLE. Material Description Loose Bulk Density #/Ft. Cork, Fine Ground 12-15 Cork, Granulated 12-15 Corn, Cracked 45-50 Corn Cobs, -Ground 17 Corn Cobs, Whole 12-15 Corn, Ear 56 Corn, Germs 21 Corn, Grits 40-45 Corn Oil Cake 25 Corn, Seed 45 Corn, Shelled 45 Corn, Sugar 30-35 Cornmeal 38-40 Cottonseed Cake, Crushed 40-45

Density of Shale, solid in 285 units of density

Shale, solid weighs 2.675 gram per cubic centimeter or 2 675 kilogram per cubic meter, i.e. density of shale, solid is equal to 2 675 kg/m³. In Imperial or US customary measurement system, the density is equal to 166.9948 pound per cubic foot [lb/ft³], or 1.5462 ounce per cubic inch [oz/inch³] . Density of Shale, solid in a few select units ...

Understanding the Geotechnical Report as an Engineering ...

The dry density in the top 4 feet is 127.7 pound per cubic foot (PCF). This indicates a well-graded soil with a low void ratio. It can be expected to have significant cohesion and friction angle. The soil between 5 and 8 feet of depth has a dry density of only 96.8 pcf.

Mass, Weight, Density or Specific Gravity of Bulk Materials

The density of pure water is also 62.4 lbs/cu.ft (pounds per cubic foot) and if we know that ammonium nitrate has a sg of 0.73 then we can calculate that its density is 0.73 x 62.4 = 45.552 lbs/cu.ft.

The nanogranular origin of friction and cohesion in shale ...

Nov 10, 2010· Using an inverse approach for nanoindentation on a variety of shale materials gives estimates of packing density distributions within each shale and demonstrates that there exists shale-independent scaling relations of the cohesion and of the friction coefficient that vary with clay packing density.